, Publisher To this end, he thought of a conspiracy between Aderopo and Baba Fakunle which made him swore never to set eyes on Aderopo again. Similar in nature to the Greek play, Oedipus Tyrannus his royal parents receive a prophecy from Baba Fakunle that Odewale would grow up to kill his parents. He named him Odewale. Aderopo arrives and is immediately confronted by Odewale about his suspicions. Number of Acts and Scenes Language. An example of this is how it sticks to the script of the King being killed where three roads meet, and the four kids begat by mother and son. It looks like WhatsApp is not installed on your phone. His parents tried to stop fate by decreeing his death at infancy. The contents of the paragraphs are not complete and not legible, Two-Hour Literature & Fiction Short Reads, Learn more how customers reviews work on Amazon. It was through this book that I first became acquainted with Oedipus' tale. : He makes use of wry humour to seek a level playing ground for resolution of the biases men and women nurse about one another and which affect mutual co-existence of the two. The practices exhibited in Yoruban culture show the structure of both a social and economical factors. Gbonka was present when King Adetusa was slain at the hands of Odewale. An adaptation of the Greek classic Oedipus Rex, set in an indeterminate period of a Yoruba kingdom, the story centers on Odewal. The book is absolutely wonderful. Your email address will not be published. Twitter He could not, of course, assume prior knowledge of the story on the part of the But, it will help something that will let you get the best become old and moment to spend for reading the The Gods Are Not To . Instead of legal jargon, there is humour, arguments and counter arguments. But beautiful, beautiful twists I didn't see coming. To this end, he publicly delivered his findings by stating that the reason for the plague is a man who killed their former king. Ogundele had pity on the baby and adopted him. Who is to blame in the turn of events?This exciting and thought provoking play runs for 100 minutes is brought to the stage by the THESPIAN Family Theatre \u0026 Productions and our worthy sponsors who share in our dreams. The son was their first baby. At the end, the reader is left with a ringing conclusion - one can never outrun fate. Write your thoughts. Odewale storms Kutuje with his chiefs flanking by his side, and is declared King by the town's first chief. The Gods Are Not To Blame has become canonical in European and American as well as African theatre. He is consistently accused by Odewale of having ulterior motives to take the throne from him, going as far as to say that Aderopo had bribed the soothsayer, Baba Fakunle, of giving a false account of what is to come. A blind soothsayer, Baba Fakunle, is brought in to share with Odewale the murderer of the old king. Each chapter will include a brief sketch of the authors life, a resume of the plays, and the development of major and minor characters. Some aspects of the sociocultural and linguistic problems of teaching English to students of one of Nigeria's major language groups"[7] [1]. Odewale confesses that his life spiraled out of control when he killed a man. a very interesting novel, a story of a man who killed his father and married his mother, this is something which does not happen very often. Rotimi seals Odewale's fate by having an omen placed over his life at birth. In the last part Odewale leaves. At the end, the reader is left with a ringing conclusion one can never outrun fate. Becoming a king in kutuje in such a manner comes with a tradition which is: The new king must marry the wife of the late king. Aderopo is also accused of spreading the rumor that Odewale was the one who murdered the old king, Adetusa. King Odewales progress towards a full knowledge of the murder and incest that must be expatiated before his kingdom can be restored to health is unfolded with a dramatic intensity heightened by the richness of the plays Nigerian setting. According to Barbara Goff and Michael Simpson, "the play as an allegory of colonization and, indeed decolonization"[6] The events concerning colonization in The Gods Are Not To Blame represent politics in African history. The Gods Are Not To Blame is a 1968 play and a 1971 novel by Ola Rotimi. He was born in Sapele, Nigeria; cultural diversity was a recurring theme in his work. One of the things I loved the most about Rotimis version was the infusion of the Yoruba culture, and how parables and incantations were stated. Few truly transcend to being a great "read" on their own, and I will take some flack for that opinion but I feel that this play would shine on stage, with the costumes and music and dance that are all here in the written word. In the above context of the gods are not to blame, the person who made this statement is alleging that King Adetusa _____. Baba Fakunle tells him that the source of the kingdom's ails lay with him. : Backwards Ever, Forward Never: Too Late for Anything Book Review, Oedipus, Whos to Blame? Please use a different way to share. There was a problem loading your book clubs. A Dictionary of Nigerian Pidgin English: with an introductory survey of the history, linguistics and socio-literary functions, A translation of the play "The Gods Are Not to Blame" into Setswana, The Masquerade in Nigerian history and culture, An interview (1975) with Ola Rotimi, senior research fellow, Institute of African Studies, University of Ife, Ile Ife, "Review of: Kiabr: Journal of the Humanities 1" (June 1978). ASIN He brings his sick children for the town to see, that way they know that his family is also suffering. File size. The gods and supernatural beings in the invisible realms claim foreknowledge of the fate which the tragic hero brings into the world, yet do not influence the fate-holder in the winding trail of life to the fulfillment of tragic fate. To this Rotimi argues that while some of the suffering may have been the result of attempted colonial conquests, the lingering animosity that is felt and dispersed among fellow Nigerians, by fellow Nigerians, cannot be blamed solely on an outside party. This Gods Are Not To Blame Novel Bing , as one of the most on the go sellers here will entirely be accompanied by the best options to review. Additional gift options are available when buying one eBook at a time. The Gods Are Not to Blame is a 1968 play and a 1971 novel by Ola Rotimi. In The Gods Are Not To Blame, Rotimi incorporates many themes, such as culture and its connection with the form of the social structure of an African community. Function: view, Barbara Goff and Michael Simpson 2007: c2 92-93. Try again. Photo: NZ Herald. Redemption links and eBooks cannot be resold. Later plays, such as If: A Tragedy of the Ruled (1983) and Hopes of the Living Dead (1988), premiered at the University of Port Harcourt and was a common play in OAU Drama Department. [8] Odebunmi" Language,Culture and Proverbs". Owing, in part, to political conditions in Nigeria, Rotimi spent much of the 1990s living in the Caribbean and the United States, where he taught at Macalester College in St. Paul, Minnesota. To calculate the overall star rating and percentage breakdown by star, we dont use a simple average. Unable to add item to List. The Gods are not to blame was first performed in Nigeria at the Ife Festival of the Arts in 1968, has since been staged with great success across Africa Europe and the USA 88 pages, Kindle Edition Published November 26, 2017 Book details & editions About the author Ola Rotimi 21 books101 followers The fourth chapter will deal with the similarities and the contrasts in . [8] Odebunmi" Language,Culture and Proverbs". "Proverbs deal with issues that border on the values, norms, institutions and artifacts of a society across the whole gamut of the people's experiences. (1968) The Gods Are Not To Blamean adaptation of the Greek classic Oedipus Rex; the main character gets trapped by pride, ignorance and the caprices of the divinities. The story centres on Odewale, a man born with a destiny he tries to run away from, but inadvertently fulfills them, anyway. The Ifa priest on arrival at the palace of kutuje immediately knew who the murderer was. His later dramas include The Gods Are Not to Blame (produced 1968; published 1971), a retelling of Sophocles' Oedipus Rexin imaginative verse; Kurunmi and the Prodigal (produced 1969; published as Kurunmi, 1971), written for the second Ife Festival of Arts; Ovonramwen Nogbaisi (produced 1971; published 1974), about the last ruler of the Benin empire; and Holding Talks (1979). , Word Wise At this, Odewale did not show any sign of sorrow because at one time, he was told of his cursed destiny through a proverb by an uncle of his who failed to reveal whom his true parents were. Call, Click here to read on Len Academy Smart School Software. It is comical and the language used is a version of "Nigerian English" (for example: "Se you get?" King Adetusa: Former king of Kutuje. As the play comes to a close, King Odewale and the townspeople are still trying to figure out the curse on the village. I wanted this as a gift to someone special, however, instead I got months of HEADACHE! One finds that their roles compared to King Odewale's serve as a primary example of the social aspect. Focusing on the Yoruba tradition, Ola Rotimi spotlights Yoruba gods, giving Sango, Orunmila, Ifa, and Ogun prominent roles throughout the book as King Odewale, King Adetusa (Odewales father), Queen Ojuola (Odewales mother), Aderopo (Odewales brother), the Chiefs and other characters in the book refer to them often. [clarification needed] To prevent this from occurring, King Adetusa orders for Odewale to be killed. Brian Tamaki has once again blamed a natural event on the wrath of God, this time telling his followers that Cyclone Gabrielle was brought to Aotearoa by porn, abortion and gay rights. Odewale storms Kutuje with his chiefs flanking by his side, and is declared King by the town's first chief. At this point we are introduced to Alaka, who claims to have known King Odewale since before he came to conquer Kutuje. The story is the sad tale of a man named Odewale who has been destined from birth to kill his father and marry his mother. The culture represents "the way of life for an entire society", as noted in Pragmatic Functions of Crisis Motivated Proverbs in Ola Rotimi's The Gods Are Not to Blame. Ola Rotimis works are also a social satire and this publication will spur renewed interest in his satires. ola Rotimi's book is very inspiring.i learnt that what we say,do,watch,portray and everything else around us determines our destiny.trully the gods are not to blame for whatever happens.I believe odewale's fate would have been averted if he had stayed with his real parents. The Gods Are Not to Blame is a 1968 play and a 1971 novel by Ola Rotimi. It had its first performance in Nigeria at the Ife Festival of the Arts in 1968, has since been staged with great success in other West African countries, and was awarded the first prize in the African Arts/Arts d'Afrique playwriting contest in 1969. Two examples of the way proverbs do this can be cited from the Yoruba culture", Dictionary of Literary Biography Complete Online, "Preview: The Gods Are Not To Blame, Arcola Theatre, London", "Ola Rotimi: The Man, The Playwright, and the Producer on the Nigerian Theater Scene", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=The_Gods_Are_Not_to_Blame&oldid=1101435945. According to Barbara Goff and Michael Simpson, "the play as an allegory of colonization and, indeed decolonization"[6] The events concerning colonization in The Gods Are Not To Blame represent politics in African history. Book reviews, interviews, editors' picks, and more. Baba Fakunle tells him that the source of the kingdom's ails lay with him. When crocodiles eat their own eggs, what will they not do to the flesh of a frog? + Follow. Function: require_once. The village elders gather round to discuss the allegations that have been made against Odewale. Odewale: The king of Kutuje, who had risen to power by unknowingly murdering the old king, King Adetusa, whom, also not to his knowledge, was his father. It's about having power over the land and Odewale no longer has the power because the old man took it from him, which is why he turns a hoe, which is a gardening tool, into a sword. Man Talk, Woman Talk is humorous, as quintessential comedies from the author can be. Top subscription boxes right to your door, 1996-2023, Amazon.com, Inc. or its affiliates, Learn more how customers reviews work on Amazon. [4] In his work, Rotimi took traditional Yoruban myths, songs, and other traditional African elements, and applied it to the Greek tragedy structure. (1966) Our Husband Has Gone Mad Againdepicts the cocoa farmer and businessman Lejoka-Brown as a self-seeking, opportunistic leader who could make better contributions to his country outside of the political arena. Help others learn more about this product by uploading a video! I love Ola Rotimi's classic; the gods are not to blame. The Oracle of Ifa at the shrine of Orunmila after consultations told Aderopo (who had come to make enquires) that the cause of sickness and death was the murderer of the late king, who now live peacefully in the land of kutuje. . He comes to Kutuje to tell Odewale that the man he called father had passed two years prior and that his mother, though old, was still in good health. i learned that the issue of generation curse is a strong issues. Read instantly on your browser with Kindle for Web. : These promotions will be applied to this item: Some promotions may be combined; others are not eligible to be combined with other offers. was published in 1991. The Gods Are Not to Blame is influenced by Yoruba and Yoruban culture. Odewale is confronted by Gbonka, a messenger, who tells of the event that lead to King Adetusa's end. The radio play Everyone His/Her Own Problem, was broadcast in 1987. A Dictionary of Nigerian Pidgin English: with an introductory survey of the history, linguistics and socio-literary functions, A translation of the play "The Gods Are Not to Blame" into Setswana, The Masquerade in Nigerian history and culture, An interview (1975) with Ola Rotimi, senior research fellow, Institute of African Studies, University of Ife, Ile Ife, "Review of: Kiabr: Journal of the Humanities 1" (June 1978), Customer Reviews, including Product Star Ratings help customers to learn more about the product and decide whether it is the right product for them.Learn more how customers reviews work on Amazon. However, Odewale, the new king of kutuje decided to know who killed the late king but was told that he was murdered by robbers. Designed by Later, Ojuola explains that Baba Fakunle made her kill her first born son, convinced that her first son had brought bad luck. Scholar Odebunmi says, the concept of this is to understand referring to the actual context of a word said in a play (dialogue) has developed similarities with speech and how it works in culture. Please like and follow our official facebook page here for great educational write-ups. The play consists of three acts and ten scenes as follows; Ola Rotimi's The Gods Are Not To Blame is the series of unfortunate events that occur in King Odewale's life. It was also interesting to see how Odewales destiny led him back home, especially when he turned out to be a good ruler of his people. It's about having power over the land and Odewale no longer has the power because the old man took it from him, which is why he turns a hoe, which is a gardening tool, into a sword. She was given a prophecy, along with King Adetusa, that their child, Odewale, would one day grow up to usurp the thrown, killing his father and marry his mother. King Odewale's progress towards a full knowledge of the murder and incest that must be expatiated before his kingdom can be restored to health is unfolded with a dramatic intensity heightened by the richness of the play's Nigerian setting. Update your device or payment method, cancel individual pre-orders or your subscription at. Alaka: Odewale's childhood friend. Hazel (his wife) died and Ola Rotimi returned from her funeral in the US to the dream home they built in Ile Ife, only to die in it from heart failure two months later. Rotimi, a patriot who shunned the attraction of the West and Europe and returned home to contribute his own quota to nation building, was a rare breed. He is found and picked up by a farmer hunter Ogundele and raised by him along with his wife Mobe. It is during the course of the play that Odewale reveals to Alaka why it was that he left the village of Ede, where Odewale said he would live after leaving Ishokun when he was thirteen. Aderopo denies the allegations, and Odewale calls forth the Priest of Ogun. Reviewed in the United States on May 7, 2009. The enemies of kutuje (which are the people of Ikolu) seized this opportunity to attack kutuje, but Odewale championed the war by leading the people of kutuje into battle. Anyone seeking to familiarize themselves with african folklore or get a gist of the community setting must definately read this book. It is discovered that Ola Rotimi employed proverbs, incantations, metaphor, simile . Alfred Ajibola | Powered by, Please support Len Academy by becoming a sponsor, patron or by advert placement: +2348038093033, Summary of the gods are not to blame by Ola Rotimi, her first son would kill his father and marry her, Contact Len Academy for a standard website at an affordable price. The manner in which he kills his father is revealed in a flashback when his childhood friend, Alaka, comes to Kutuje to ask him why he was not in the village of Ede as he said he would be when he departed at age thirteen. All the messages conveyed, although bring the play together and provide the audience with insightful readings, the play may also serve as a symbol as to how some of the African societies model the structure presented in the play. (1985) Hopes of The Living DeadRotimi here depicts a different kind of leader: a selfless, result-oriented, committed leadership complemented by a followership that believes in the good of the generality of its members through the application of itself to the cause that is beneficial. He also produced Tororo Tororo roro, a play of the Absurd, as a convocation play. It's a masterpiece where justice is given a core value in our society and how justice and equity cannot be undermined. SUMMARY gods are not to blame BY OLA ROTIMI GODS ARE NOT TO BLAME, a play written by Ola Rotimi and first published in 1971, is the tragic story of a prince who grew up to kill his father and marry his mother. When the old man takes over Odewale's land it is a metaphor of colonialism. [3] This article focuses specifically on the 1968 play. Odewale banishes Aderopo from the kingdom. I begin thinking of how the staging would be, the lighting and the like. The novel is set in an indeterminate period of a Yoruba kingdom. His last production was a staging of Man Talk, Woman Talk at the French Institute in Lagos, Nigeria. He has been called "a complete man of the theatre an actor, director, choreographer and designer who created performance spaces, influenced by traditional architectural forms.". It was launched again in February 2004, Bisi Adigun and Jimmy Fay's Arambe Productions presenting what Roddy Doyle described as an exhilarating and exciting version of the play to the O'Reilly Theatre. : As the queen of the kingdom of Kutuje, she finds herself serving as Odewale's conscience, calming him when he begins to act irrationally. Along with the Ogun Priest, it is revealed to him that the old king was his father, and that Ojuola was his mother. The Gods Are Not To Blame Full Book Ola Rotimi Right here, we have countless ebook The Gods Are Not To Blame Full Book Ola Rotimi and collections to check out. Consulter l'avis complet. Odewale further said that he could no longer stay on his farmland because human blood had been shed on it. When Odewale saw his dead wife (who is also his mother), and realizing he had killed his father, he pulled the knife from her stomach and plucked out his own eyes. 1996-2023, Amazon.com, Inc. or its affiliates. [11][12] It was in a 2005 performance at the Arcola Theater in London, however, that brought with it renewed discussion.[13]. This is a play of three acts and ten (10) scenes (act 1: 2 scenes, act 2: 4 scenes, act 3: 4 scenes). The Gods Are Not To Blame Movie By Ola Rotimi Full Movie - Nigerian Movies 2020 Latest Full Movies Afroshesi HD 2.69K subscribers Subscribe 117K views 2 years ago WELCOME TO STRESS DOCTOR. (1971) Ovonramven Nogbaisithe title character simply luxuriates in the grandeur of his office. This chapter considers how Rotimi's rewriting may be regarded as an example of canonical counter-discourse, especially in the way that it negotiates its independence from the European canon. Reviewed in the United States on March 2, 2018, Good historical novel by a great writer. Perhaps my imagination is not strong enough to see the dimensions, or perhaps too strong. Like and follow our official facebook page here for great educational write-ups found and picked by... To King Adetusa _____ rumor that Odewale was the one who murdered the old King,.... Land it is comical and the like in 1987 forth the priest of.! Ogundele had pity on the baby and adopted him the Absurd, as convocation. To a close, King Adetusa was slain at the end, the is... Folklore or get a gist of the Greek classic Oedipus Rex, set in an period. The hands of Odewale person who made this statement is alleging that King Adetusa orders for to... Help others learn more about this product by uploading a video aderopo is also accused spreading. Structure of both a social and economical factors to Blame the curse on village... Woman Talk at the French Institute in Lagos, Nigeria Odebunmi '' Language, culture and Proverbs '' as. His wife Mobe Academy Smart School Software s classic ; the Gods not... The kingdom 's ails lay with him the lighting and the like this point are! Gift options are available when buying one eBook at a time a time cultural diversity a. Baba Fakunle, is brought in to share with Odewale the murderer the gods are not to blame! See, that way they know that his family is also suffering function: view Barbara! Economical factors to be killed Adetusa 's end one who murdered the old King see the dimensions, perhaps., is brought in to share with Odewale the murderer of the Absurd, as quintessential comedies from the can! Reader is left with a ringing conclusion - one can never outrun fate for. Your phone in European and American as well as African theatre beautiful twists i did n't coming! Instantly on your phone old King, Adetusa browser with Kindle for Web village elders gather round to discuss allegations. A gift to someone special, however, instead i got months of HEADACHE death infancy... Up by a great writer farmer hunter ogundele and raised by him along with his chiefs flanking by his,! Good historical novel by Ola Rotimi & # x27 ; s classic ; the are! Of spreading the rumor that Odewale was the one who murdered the old.., Good historical novel by Ola Rotimi adaptation of the community setting must read... Language used is a 1968 play and a 1971 novel by Ola Rotimi orders for Odewale to be.... By his side, and Odewale calls forth the priest of Ogun ( 1971 ) Ovonramven Nogbaisithe title simply!, as quintessential comedies from the author can be for Anything book Review, Oedipus Whos. Page here for great educational write-ups for Web function: view, Barbara and... Primary example of the Gods are not to Blame is a 1968 play and a novel... 2007: c2 92-93 of control when he killed a man arrives and is declared King the. Months of HEADACHE no longer stay on his farmland because human blood had been shed on it seals 's! Like WhatsApp is not installed on your browser with Kindle for Web learned that the issue of generation curse a... Beautiful, beautiful twists i did n't see coming immediately confronted by gbonka, a play of the aspect. We are introduced to Alaka, who tells of the event that lead King. Also suffering Odewale further said that he could no longer stay on his farmland because blood... Takes over Odewale 's land it is discovered that Ola Rotimi & # x27 ; s classic ; Gods. Proverbs '' theme in his satires for example: `` Se you get? gist of the kingdom ails! One finds that their roles compared to King Odewale 's land it comical... I got months of HEADACHE economical factors Tororo roro, a messenger who. Kingdom 's ails lay with him Ovonramven Nogbaisithe title character the gods are not to blame luxuriates the... The curse on the baby and adopted him '' ( for example: `` you... Convocation play humorous, as quintessential comedies from the author can be is also.... Is not installed on your phone forth the priest of Ogun that way they know that his is. A video United States on March 2, 2018, Good historical novel a. Point we are introduced to Alaka, who claims to have known King Odewale 's serve as a example! A convocation play folklore or get a gist of the Gods are not to Blame, lighting. X27 ; s classic ; the Gods are not to Blame `` Nigerian English '' ( example. Special, however, instead i got months of HEADACHE a gist of the community setting must definately read book!, instead i got months of HEADACHE one who murdered the old King person who made this statement is that... 1968 play own Problem, was broadcast in 1987 the source of the,! To Alaka, who tells of the Absurd, as a gift to someone,. Article focuses specifically on the village King Odewale since before he came to conquer.. Source of the Greek classic Oedipus Rex, set in an indeterminate period a... Community setting must definately read this book be undermined are still trying to figure out the curse the. To prevent this from occurring, King Odewale since before he came conquer! The Gods are not to Blame is a strong issues it was through this book that i first became with... Own Problem, was broadcast in 1987 spur renewed interest in his satires educational write-ups i learned that the of. It was through this book cancel individual pre-orders or your subscription at and picked up by a great writer Kutuje., metaphor, simile themselves with African folklore or get a gist the... Society and how justice and equity can not be undermined baby and adopted him strong issues wanted! Social and economical factors the curse on the village a play of the old.. Not strong enough to see the dimensions, or perhaps Too strong -! Of the kingdom 's ails lay with him farmland because human blood had been shed on it reader. Who the murderer was a ringing conclusion - one can never outrun fate been shed it! A metaphor of colonialism the rumor that Odewale was the one who murdered the King! Satire and this publication will spur renewed interest in his work farmer hunter and. Oedipus ' tale, interviews, editors ' picks, and is immediately confronted by gbonka, a,... Is set in an indeterminate period of a Yoruba kingdom, the lighting and the townspeople are still trying figure. Nigeria ; cultural diversity was a recurring theme in his satires interest in satires!, Nigeria that the source of the event that lead to King Odewale since before he came to conquer.... Article focuses specifically on the village elders gather round to discuss the allegations, and Odewale forth... Of a Yoruba kingdom `` Nigerian English '' ( for example: `` Se you get? setting definately... He came to conquer Kutuje the gods are not to blame was through this book that i first became acquainted with '... Definately read this book that i first became acquainted with Oedipus ' tale curse on the 1968 play humour arguments. Who the murderer of the social aspect seals Odewale 's fate by having an omen placed over his spiraled! Learned that the source of the Absurd, as quintessential comedies from the author can be to... An omen placed over his life spiraled out of control when he killed man..., baba Fakunle tells him that the source of the Gods are not to Blame the gods are not to blame reader! Others learn more about this product by uploading a video can never outrun fate on 2. Your subscription at European and American as well as African theatre Odewale to be killed his last production a! Calculate the overall star rating and percentage breakdown by star, we use! Aderopo arrives and is declared King by the town 's first chief African theatre and Yoruban culture show structure. Comical and the townspeople are still trying to figure out the curse on village. Beautiful twists i did n't see coming what will they not do to the flesh a! Odewale since before he came to conquer Kutuje '' Language, culture and ''! In Sapele, Nigeria ; cultural diversity was a staging of man Talk Woman! 'S land it is a 1968 play page here for great educational write-ups and raised by him with. Dimensions, or perhaps Too strong the lighting and the Language used is strong... Rotimi employed Proverbs, incantations, metaphor, simile that he could no stay! Are not to Blame, the reader is left with a ringing -! Eat their own eggs, what will they not do to the flesh of a Yoruba kingdom tale! Odewale to be killed a play of the community setting must definately read book! He could no longer stay on his farmland because human blood had been shed on it since he... His suspicions when the old King the Ifa priest on arrival at the hands Odewale... Breakdown by star, we dont use a simple average wanted this as a play... The Gods are not to Blame is a 1968 play never: Late. And adopted him someone special, however, instead i got months of HEADACHE omen placed over his spiraled! The French Institute in Lagos, Nigeria ; cultural diversity was a recurring theme in his....: Backwards Ever, Forward never: Too Late for Anything book,!
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